The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are the summits of a submarine mountain vary lying on the good tectonic suture zone that extends from the eastern Himalayas to the Arakan together the Myanmar border and finally to Sumatra and lesser Sundaes. This archipelago consists of a team of 572 islands, islets and rock outcrops, but there are a whole of 352 essential islands comprising the major chain of Andaman and Nicobar, Ritches Archipelago and the out laying volcanic islands of Narcondam and Barren. The islands are spread above an place of 8,249 sq.km, of which 6,408 sq. km of area is occupied by the Andaman group and one,841 sq.km by the Nicobar teams of Islands. The Andaman team consists of 324 islands of which 24 are inhabited even though the Nicobar group contains 28 islands of which 12 are inhabited. Undulating topography and intervening valleys characterize the physiography of this Archiepelago. There are many rain-fed streams, which dry up for the duration of summer. All the significant islands support a luxuriant expansion of evergreen, semi evergreen, moist deciduous and littoral forests from the water edge to the mountain top dependent on the topography and character of the soil. For administrative functions, the Islands are divided into two districts, namely Andaman and Nicobar. There are a whole of 204 revenue villages of which 197 are in the Andaman District. The Andaman and Nicobar is getting a great economic turnover as a result of Tourism Field due to the fact of its abundant purely natural scenic elegance and organic methods. At the very same time these islands are going through troubles this kind of as inhabitants progress, commercial development and so on and in transform going through acute electric power lack.
The ever growing electricity wants of the islands will have to be taken into account in the long expression Master Program even at this condition. Dependence must be fully on the area methods – biomass and other sources of the islands as perfectly as the large renewable methods of the ocean and ambiance. In this regard, it is achievable that the technologies that could be produced and perfected for the islands could be a path-breaker for the nationwide application also. Bio-mass production could be undertaken on an accelerated scale underneath highly favorable problems. Photo voltaic, tidal and wind sources could be of fantastic worth. Sources from the ocean pose new challenges to our scientist and technologists. When agricultural manufacturing, industrial advancement and economic exploitation of oceanic methods go hand in hand, the strength problem is possible to be a constraint if well timed steps are not taken in that direction (Qasim 1998).
Energy is likely to turn out to be a major constraint. Until sources are learned on the island, thermal power stations applying coal or diesel oil are most likely to be extremely expensive. Also the air pollution arising out of the fuel could spoil the organic resources of the island. Options for hydropower are restricted thanks to non-perennial mother nature of rivers. In this context, it might be vital to vigorously explore alternative sources of electrical power. Three ways which are probable to verify fruitful are geothermal power, wind vitality and ocean thermal electricity conversion (OTEC). Owing to the volcanic origin of the main islands it is feasible that suitable geothermal web-sites for pretty big scale electrical power era could be available. OTEC is previously prepared for Lakshadweep Islands. Probable OTEC web-sites should be explored for the Andamans also. What’s more, quite small endeavor has been manufactured to explore the utilization of wind power. Proper web pages of fantastic wind electricity could be qualified working with satellite engineering to promote wind mills (Qasim 1998).
In purchase to decrease the tension on out there land and water methods due to raise in inhabitants on presently inhabited islands probability of shifting a component of this inhabitants to uninhabited islands after generation of needed facilities requirements to be examined. On some of these islands both equally photo voltaic and wind vitality is readily available at exploitable degrees. Use of Photovoltaic solar cells and wind mills for era of electric power will go a very long way in their advancement. The generating potential of wind electricity programs ranges from one hundred watts to four megawatt. The programs demand the installation of a generator with rotor, tower, battery financial institution and handle device. A generator with an regular ability of five hundred W with a five-m diameter rotor and a daily life span of 10 yrs can price tag Rs. ten,00,000 (TEDA 1999). These units may perhaps advantage coastal resorts as these areas are frequently exposed to wind. An ordinary wind pace of larger than 4m for each next is needed if wind electrical power is to be economically possible. In this case, wind generators are usually more cost-effective than solar PV and diesel turbines. Qualified experts are required to put in and maintain the method. Routine maintenance necessitates frequent examining and obtain to new sections (Huttche et.al. 2002).
Simply because of the vital partnership among the obtainable electrical power and the wind pace, turbine need to be suitably positioned as to permit free movement of the wind. Wind energy is specifically pleasing way to create energy mainly because it is effectively pollution-free. More than fifty percent of all the energy that is made use of in India is created from burning coal, and in the process, significant amounts of toxic metals, air pollutants and greenhouse gases are emitted into the atmosphere. Development of ten% of the wind prospective in the 10 windiest Indian states would give extra than sufficient strength to displace emissions from the nation’s coal-fired electric power plants and remove the nation’s big resource of acid rain reduce emissions of carbon dioxide (the most essential greenhouse gasoline) and assist to have the spread of bronchial asthma and other respiratory ailments aggravated or induced by air pollution in this state. If wind power were being to supply 20% of the nation’s electric power, a really reasonable and achievable aim with the latest technological innovation, it could displace more than a 3rd of the emissions from coal-fired ability crops, or all of the radioactive squander and h2o pollution from nuclear electricity vegetation. Desk 1 exhibits the point out wise set up wind ability in India.
Any growth strategy of islands should really be dependent on extended expression will need, taking take note of natural means both of those living and non dwelling, ecological standing, all-natural natural beauty and the present point out of growth of the location. This necessitates reliable and upto day database about the all-natural means and their distribution in excess of space. With the traditional strategies the information acquired are generally time consuming and considerably less obtainable. The distant sensing engineering with its uniform and impartial knowledge assortment method has the functionality of furnishing the much essential information and facts on significant parts in single synoptic see, in shorter time, and at periodic intervals. For inaccessible places this is the only source of info selection. Hence in purchase to detect sites for wind mills as a pilot challenge for North Passage Island, Remote Sensing and GIS tactics ended up employed.